The subject is aimed at supplementing and expanding knowledge of technical physics. It is recommended especially to those students who want to consolidate and improve their knowledge in this area. In the lectures of this subject, 80 to 90 physical examples covering the area of kinematics and dynamics of a mass point, dynamics of rigid bodies, hydromechanics and mechanical oscillations will be theoretically clarified and calculated.

Basic theoretical chapters in general chemistry for practical use in studying technical fields at universities.

• physical quantities, their units and conversions
• basic concepts in general chemistry
• determination of the relative molecular mass of substances
• types of chemical formulas
• basic stoichiometric calculations: mass fraction, mass and molar concentration
• pH calculations
• balance rule
• chemical equations and calculation of their stoichiometry
• basic relationships and calculations according to chemical equations
• basic terminology and properties of organic compounds

The course introduces students to the fundamentals of the regional geology of the Czech Republic, with a focus on the geological and tectonic structure of the country, the main geological units of the Bohemian Massif and the Western Carpathians, and their basic lithological composition. Attention is also paid to the engineering-geological characteristics of the rock environment and its importance for construction practice. The course includes work with geological maps complemented by practical demonstrations of geomaterials.

The aim of the course is to introduce students to the environmental impacts of construction activities throughout the entire life cycle of buildings. Students will gain an overview of the impacts of raw material extraction, building materials manufacturing, building construction, operation, demolition, and recycling process. Students will become familiar with issues related to water management, flood protection in urbanized areas, emission-neutral buildings, and new trends in energy production. The course develops the ability to design sustainable construction solutions with regard to the protection of natural resources and the minimization of negative environmental impacts.

The course is intended primarily for students in the 3rd year of the bachelor's degree program CIVIL ENGINEERING and MUNICIPAL ENGINEERING. It is also suitable for all students who are interested in the subject matter associated with environmental protection in the vicinity of transport routes and other structures and who want to design and build in accordance with the principles of nature protection. During the course, students will become familiar with the following areas of concern: Introduction to the issue, hygiene standards and regulations. Measurement and analysis of noise and vibrations, comparison of measurement and modeling techniques. Prediction of noise levels in the cutting-edge SoundPlan software from road, rail and air transport. Application of noise and vibration control measures. Air pollution from road, rail and air transport, measurement and calculation of emissions. Waste management and environmental protection during the transport of hazardous substances. Soundproofing of walls and windows, measurement and analysis. Electromobility, photovoltaic systems, wind power plants, their basic parameters, comparison and conditions of use. The course will also include practical demonstrations of measuring selected parameters with cutting-edge instruments from Dewesoft and Bruel&Kjar and their analysis. The course will also include a demonstration of exporting measured and calculated data to GIS and BIM systems. Meetings and consultations with leading experts from practice are planned as part of the course.

The course is intended primarily for students in the 3rd year of the bachelor's degree program CIVIL ENGINEERING and MUNICIPAL ENGINEERING. It is also suitable for all students who are interested in the subject matter associated with environmental protection in the vicinity of transport routes and other structures and who want to design and build in accordance with the principles of nature protection. During the course, students will become familiar with the following areas of concern: Introduction to the issue, hygiene standards and regulations. Measurement and analysis of noise and vibrations, comparison of measurement and modeling techniques. Prediction of noise levels in the cutting-edge SoundPlan software from road, rail and air transport. Application of noise and vibration control measures. Air pollution from road, rail and air transport, measurement and calculation of emissions. Waste management and environmental protection during the transport of hazardous substances. Soundproofing of walls and windows, measurement and analysis. Electromobility, photovoltaic systems, wind power plants, their basic parameters, comparison and conditions of use. The course will also include practical demonstrations of measuring selected parameters with cutting-edge instruments from Dewesoft and Bruel&Kjar and their analysis. The course will also include a demonstration of exporting measured and calculated data to GIS and BIM systems. Meetings and consultations with leading experts from practice are planned as part of the course.

A supplementary course, the aim of which is to introduce and teach students to design transport structures in the environment of professional software from the international company Bentley. The course is focused mainly on the OpenRoad and OpenRail designer software, or on related software with the following content:

Basic characteristics of Bentley software products. Introduction to creating a linear structure project, map data and their use in design, digital terrain model, inputs, creation, display of graphic objects of the digital model. Design and optimization of the directional solution of a linear structure, description and change of stations, significant points, output reports. Longitudinal profile, elevation solution of a linear structure and its optimization, description of the longitudinal profile and elevation solution. Design of slope methods, regulations for creating a cross section, typical cross sections, display of objects in cross sections. Tilt and cant - methods and their applications. Modeling of linear structures, volumes, reports, import and export. Definition of the construction corridor, creation and display of a digital model of a linear structure. Widening of the road, rising lanes, creation of a stop. Use and placement of switches, creation of switch connections, switch house. Alignment (regression) of direction and elevation points, curvature diagrams and their use. Creation of terrain modifications, design of construction pits, landfills, or other modifications in a digital terrain model. Outputs to drawing documentation, creation of text and graphic design reports including outputs to BIM systems. Meetings and consultations with top experts from practice are planned.

A supplementary course, the aim of which is to introduce and teach students to design transport structures in the environment of professional software from the international company Bentley. The course is focused mainly on the OpenRoad and OpenRail designer software, or on related software with the following content:

Basic characteristics of Bentley software products. Introduction to creating a linear structure project, map data and their use in design, digital terrain model, inputs, creation, display of graphic objects of the digital model. Design and optimization of the directional solution of a linear structure, description and change of stations, significant points, output reports. Longitudinal profile, elevation solution of a linear structure and its optimization, description of the longitudinal profile and elevation solution. Design of slope methods, regulations for creating a cross section, typical cross sections, display of objects in cross sections. Tilt and cant - methods and their applications. Modeling of linear structures, volumes, reports, import and export. Definition of the construction corridor, creation and display of a digital model of a linear structure. Widening of the road, rising lanes, creation of a stop. Use and placement of switches, creation of switch connections, switch house. Alignment (regression) of direction and elevation points, curvature diagrams and their use. Creation of terrain modifications, design of construction pits, landfills, or other modifications in a digital terrain model. Outputs to drawing documentation, creation of text and graphic design reports including outputs to BIM systems. Meetings and consultations with top experts from practice are planned.

The course aims to acquaint students with the acceptable form of modern methods of experimental static and dynamic analysis of structures. Students are introduced to techniques of measurement and analysis of the measured data, as well as with different types of device sets and sensors.
Part of the content will be in addition theoretical methods as well as examples of practical measurements in the lab or in the field. The experience gained by students will be applied when processing these.

The course aims to acquaint students with the acceptable form of modern methods of experimental static and dynamic analysis of structures. Students are introduced to techniques of measurement and analysis of the measured data, as well as with different types of device sets and sensors.
Part of the content will be in addition theoretical methods as well as examples of practical measurements in the lab or in the field. The experience gained by students will be applied when processing these.

Advanced techniques for create technical drawings in architecture and civil engineering using CAD applications AutoCAD. Custom topics: dynamic block, schedules, batch print, coordination of complex projects).

Custom user interface, working with annotation objects, dynamic blocks, blocks with attributes. Create schedules, external references, coordination of complex projects.

Further development of technical English terminology related to individual fields of study and its practical use in professional communication. Development of skills in understanding technical texts and discussing selected topics in civil engineering. Practice in preparing and delivering PowerPoint presentations on assigned technical topics, with an emphasis on the appropriate use of technical terminology.

Further development of technical English terminology related to individual fields of study and its practical use in professional communication. Development of skills in understanding technical texts and discussing selected topics in civil engineering. Practice in preparing and delivering PowerPoint presentations on assigned technical topics, with an emphasis on the appropriate use of technical terminology.

Grammar: Revision of narrative tenses + used to and would, linkers, adverbs and adverbial expressions, inversion, distancing, unreal uses of past tenses, conditionals (including mixed conditionals), adjectives and prepositions. Vocabulary: Memories and summer jobs at a design office/abroad, work, history, reviews (films/books), work, history, reviews (films/books), expressions with the noun 'time', IT/software, money, addictions and obsessions, sounds and the human voice. Reading: Job adverts – a job I could do now/after graduating/my ideal job. Writing: Job application, CV and cover letter.
The content of the course is aimed at students who would benefit from studying and practicing B2 (higher Upper-Intermediate level) English with a native speaker, i.e. students who: wish to study abroad (e.g. with the Erasmus+ programme) or work abroad; want to prepare for the VYA013 (previously BY003) B2 level language exam (useful for Erasmus+); already speak English at a good Intermediate level and would like to improve; already speak English at an Upper Intermediate or Advanced level and would like to practice their English so as not to forget what they learned in previous years.

Grammar: Revision of narrative tenses + used to and would, linkers, adverbs and adverbial expressions, inversion, distancing, unreal uses of past tenses, conditionals (including mixed conditionals), adjectives and prepositions. Vocabulary: Memories and summer jobs at a design office/abroad, work, history, reviews (films/books), work, history, reviews (films/books), expressions with the noun 'time', IT/software, money, addictions and obsessions, sounds and the human voice. Reading: Job adverts – a job I could do now/after graduating/my ideal job. Writing: Job application, CV and cover letter.
The content of the course is aimed at students who would benefit from studying and practicing B2 (higher Upper-Intermediate level) English with a native speaker, i.e. students who: wish to study abroad (e.g. with the Erasmus+ programme) or work abroad; want to prepare for the VYA013 (previously BY003) B2 level language exam (useful for Erasmus+); already speak English at a good Intermediate level and would like to improve; already speak English at an Upper Intermediate or Advanced level and would like to practice their English so as not to forget what they learned in previous years.

Grammar: prefixes, modal verbs (permission, obligation and necessity), verbs of the senses, stress on important words, similes, gerunds and infinitives (complex look), expressing future plans and arrangements (complex look), giving opinions with adverbs, ellipsis and substitution, nouns (compound and possessive forms), adding emphasis with cleft sentences. Vocabulary: general knowledge and learning motivation, colours and art, health, illness and alternative medicine, travel and tourism, animals and nature, food and cooking, words often confused, emigration. We will practice the oral part of the VYA013 B2 level exam.
The content of the course is aimed at students who would benefit from studying and practicing B2 – C1 level (Upper-Intermediate to Advanced level) English with a native speaker, i.e. students who: wish to study abroad (e.g. with the Erasmus+ programme) or work abroad; want to prepare for the VYA013 (previously BY003) B2 level language exam (useful for Erasmus+); already speak English at a good Intermediate level and would like to improve; already speak English at an Upper Intermediate or Advanced level and would like to practice their English so as not to forget what they learned in previous years.

Grammar: prefixes, modal verbs (permission, obligation and necessity), verbs of the senses, stress on important words, similes, gerunds and infinitives (complex look), expressing future plans and arrangements (complex look), giving opinions with adverbs, ellipsis and substitution, nouns (compound and possessive forms), adding emphasis with cleft sentences. Vocabulary: general knowledge and learning motivation, colours and art, health, illness and alternative medicine, travel and tourism, animals and nature, food and cooking, words often confused, emigration. We will practice the oral part of the VYA013 B2 level exam.
The content of the course is aimed at students who would benefit from studying and practicing B2 – C1 level (Upper-Intermediate to Advanced level) English with a native speaker, i.e. students who: wish to study abroad (e.g. with the Erasmus+ programme) or work abroad; want to prepare for the VYA013 (previously BY003) B2 level language exam (useful for Erasmus+); already speak English at a good Intermediate level and would like to improve; already speak English at an Upper Intermediate or Advanced level and would like to practice their English so as not to forget what they learned in previous years.

The course is intended to review and develop students´ language skills (listening, reading, writing and speaking) at the pre-intermediate level of general English.

Grammar: word order in questions, present simple and continuous, question words and adverbs, past simple and continuous, comparative and superlative adjectives, countable and uncountable nouns, indefinite pronouns, future forms, present perfect.

General Vocabulary: personal information, jobs, describing things and people, clothes, prepositions of place and time, travelling, paraphrasing, shopping, quantifiers.

The course is intended to review and develop students´ language skills (listening, reading, writing and speaking)  at the pre-intermediate level of general English.

Grammar: word order in questions, present simple and continuous, question words and adverbs, past simple and continuous, comparative and superlative adjectives, countable and uncountable nouns, indefinite pronouns, future forms, present perfect.

General Vocabulary: personal information, jobs, describing things and people, clothes, prepositions of place and time, travelling, paraphrasing, shopping, quantifiers.

This course is intended to improve language skills in speaking, listening, reading, and writing in English at a pre-intermediate level. Students will acquire and practise the grammar and vocabulary needed to pass the BYA001 exam.

Grammar: adjectives; infinitive + to; gerunds; modal verbs have to, don’t have to, must; modifiers; should; conditional sentences; present perfect + for/since; passive voice; used to; modal verb might; noun formation; questions without auxiliary verbs.

Vocabulary: verb forms; phrases with get; animals; phobias; biographies; studying; sports; phrasal verbs.

This course is intended to improve language skills in speaking, listening, reading, and writing in English at a pre-intermediate level. Students will acquire and practise the grammar and vocabulary needed to pass the BYA001 exam.

Grammar: adjectives; infinitive + to; gerunds; modal verbs have to, don’t have to, must; modifiers; should; conditional sentences; present perfect + for/since; passive voice; used to; modal verb might; noun formation; questions without auxiliary verbs.

Vocabulary: verb forms; phrases with get; animals; phobias; biographies; studying; sports; phrasal verbs.

This course is designed to develop students' general English proficiency at the B1 level of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). It focuses primarily on consolidating and practising the grammatical structures covered in the BYA002/BYA101 examination. Grammar is taught and practised mainly through communicative activities to help students use English actively and confidently in everyday situations. The course also develops vocabulary related to common everyday topics, listening comprehension skills, and accurate pronunciation.

Grammar: present simple and present continuous; expressing the future; present perfect; comparison of adjectives; articles; prepositions; modal verbs; -ed and -ing adjectives; past tenses; the passive; first and second conditional; reported speech; gerunds and infinitives.

Vocabulary: food; family; money; transport; sport; cinema; education; housing; shopping; work.

This course is designed to develop students' general English proficiency at the B1 level of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). It focuses primarily on consolidating and practising the grammatical structures covered in the BYA002/BYA101 examination. Grammar is taught and practised mainly through communicative activities to help students use English actively and confidently in everyday situations. The course also develops vocabulary related to common everyday topics, listening comprehension skills, and accurate pronunciation.

Grammar: present simple and present continuous; expressing the future; present perfect; comparison of adjectives; articles; prepositions; modal verbs; -ed and -ing adjectives; past tenses; the passive; first and second conditional; reported speech; gerunds and infinitives.

Vocabulary: food; family; money; transport; sport; cinema; education; housing; shopping; work.

The course focuses on the acquisition of essential technical English terminology in the field of civil engineering and its practical use in communication. The course covers topics including studying at a technical university, construction site activities and construction project management, surveying and mapping, construction materials, building construction, architecture, structures and transport infrastructure, municipal and environmental engineering, and water management.

Within these topic areas, students develop their technical vocabulary, reading comprehension skills and ability to communicate about fundamental aspects of their field. Particular emphasis is placed on the accurate use of essential technical terminology, describing buildings, materials, structures and construction processes, and communicating information related to their studies and professional practice. The course also provides ongoing preparation for the BYA002/BYA101 examination at CEFR level B1.

The course focuses on the acquisition of essential technical English terminology in the field of civil engineering and its practical use in communication. The course covers topics including studying at a technical university, construction site activities and construction project management, surveying and mapping, construction materials, building construction, architecture, structures and transport infrastructure, municipal and environmental engineering, and water management.

Within these topic areas, students develop their technical vocabulary, reading comprehension skills and ability to communicate about fundamental aspects of their field. Particular emphasis is placed on the accurate use of essential technical terminology, describing buildings, materials, structures and construction processes, and communicating information related to their studies and professional practice. The course also provides preparation for the BYA002/BYA101 examination at CEFR level B1.

Grammar: question formation, auxiliary verbs, comparative phrases, present perfect (simple and continuous), adjective order, narrative tenses.
Vocabulary: personal questions, health, illness and treatment, clothes and fashion, travelling, weather, feelings, adjectives, my university/faculty/campus, my study programme, e-mail communication with professors
Reading: civil engineering / architecture course at a university abroad
Writing: comparing your studies in the Czech Republic and an architecture /civil engineering study programme abroad

The content of the course is aimed at students who would benefit from studying and practicing English at B1+ level (Upper-Intermediate level) with a native speaker, i.e. students who: wish to study abroad (e.g. with the Erasmus+ programme) or work abroad; want to prepare for the VYA013 B2 level language exam (useful for Erasmus+); already speak English at a good Intermediate level and would like to improve; already speak English at Upper Intermediate level and would like to practice their English so as not to forget what they learned in previous years.

Grammar: question formation, auxiliary verbs, comparative phrases, present perfect (simple and continuous), adjective order, narrative tenses.
Vocabulary: personal questions, health, illness and treatment, clothes and fashion, travelling, weather, feelings, adjectives, my university/faculty/campus, my study programme, e-mail communication with professors
Reading: civil engineering / architecture course at a university abroad
Writing: comparing your studies in the Czech Republic and an architecture /civil engineering study programme abroad

The content of the course is aimed at students who would benefit from studying and practicing English at B1+ level (Upper-Intermediate level) with a native speaker, i.e. students who: wish to study abroad (e.g. with the Erasmus+ programme) or work abroad; want to prepare for the VYA013 B2 level language exam (useful for Erasmus+); already speak English at a good Intermediate level and would like to improve; already speak English at Upper Intermediate level and would like to practice their English so as not to forget what they learned in previous years.

Development of technical English with a focus on civil engineering terminology and its practical use in professional communication. Practice in understanding technical texts, identifying and processing relevant information, and discussing professional topics at CEFR level B2. Practice in preparing and delivering PowerPoint presentations on assigned technical topics.The prerequisite is successful completion of VYA009 or knowledge of basic civil engineering terminology in English.

Development of technical English with a focus on civil engineering terminology and its practical use in professional communication. Practice in understanding technical texts, identifying and processing relevant information, and discussing professional topics at CEFR level B2. Practice in preparing and delivering PowerPoint presentations on assigned technical topics.

The course is intended for beginner students.
Grammar: conjugation of verbs in the present tense, accusative singular, gender of nouns, adjectives and pronouns.
Vocabulary: family, jobs, food and drink, telling the time and date, numbers 0 - 1000.

Grammar

• Pronunciation & Alphabet: Basic rules of French pronunciation
• Verbs & Conjugation: Verbs être and avoir, regular Group 1 verbs (e.g., parler, habiter), verbs aimer and détester
• Genders & Articles: Masculine and feminine nouns, definite and indefinite articles, plural forms
• Pronouns & Prepositions: Possessive pronouns, prepositions used with cities and countries
• Sentence Structure: The grammatical construction il y a

Vocabulary & Topics

• Numbers & Contact Info: Numbers 1–20 and 20–100, phone numbers
• Personal Information: Nationalities, spoken languages, countries, and cities
• Time & Calendar: Days of the week, months of the year
• Family: Family members and relationships
• Work & Leisure: Professions and occupations, hobbies and interests

Communication Skills

• Introducing oneself and initiating contact ("My name is...", "My phone number is...")
• Stating age, origin, and language skills ("How old are you?", "Where are you from?", "I speak...")
• Talking about family and personal background
• Expressing preferences and personal tastes ("What I like", "What I enjoy doing")
• Conversing about career plans ("What I want to be") and free-time activities

Review & Assessment

• Comprehensive grammar practice (Group 1 verbs, être, avoir)
• Consolidation of vocabulary from Units 1 and 2
• Final credit test (Week 13)

The course places a strong emphasis on speaking and interaction, and includes listening exercises, videos, and games.

Grammar

• Pronunciation & Alphabet: Basic rules of French pronunciation
• Verbs & Conjugation: Verbs être and avoir, regular Group 1 verbs (e.g., parler, habiter), verbs aimer and détester
• Genders & Articles: Masculine and feminine nouns, definite and indefinite articles, plural forms
• Pronouns & Prepositions: Possessive pronouns, prepositions used with cities and countries
• Sentence Structure: The grammatical construction il y a

Vocabulary & Topics

• Numbers & Contact Info: Numbers 1–20 and 20–100, phone numbers
• Personal Information: Nationalities, spoken languages, countries, and cities
• Time & Calendar: Days of the week, months of the year
• Family: Family members and relationships
• Work & Leisure: Professions and occupations, hobbies and interests

Communication Skills

• Introducing oneself and initiating contact ("My name is...", "My phone number is...")
• Stating age, origin, and language skills ("How old are you?", "Where are you from?", "I speak...")
• Talking about family and personal background
• Expressing preferences and personal tastes ("What I like", "What I enjoy doing")
• Conversing about career plans ("What I want to be") and free-time activities

Review & Assessment

• Comprehensive grammar practice (Group 1 verbs, être, avoir)
• Consolidation of vocabulary from Units 1 and 2
• Final credit test (Week 13)

The course places a strong emphasis on speaking and interaction, and includes listening exercises, videos, and games.

Grammar

• Verbs & Conjugation: Group 2 verbs (e.g., finir), verbs acheter, payer, prendre, boire, and the versatile verb faire. Review of Group 1 verbs, être, and avoir.
• Articles: Partitive articles (du, de la, de l', des) to express unspecified quantities of food and drink.
• Mood & Sentence Structure: Imperative mood for giving directions and instructions. Review of the grammatical construction il y a.
• Adverbs of Frequency: Expressing repetition of actions (toujours, parfois, jamais / always, sometimes, never).

Vocabulary & Topics

• Food, Drink & Shopping: Food items, beverages, types of shops, daily menus.
• City & Transport: Places and institutions in town, means of transportation, navigation.
• Activities & Weather: Hobbies, sports, and leisure activities with faire, weather descriptions.

Communication Skills

• Shopping & Dining Out: Asking for prices, paying, shopping in stores, and ordering in restaurants or cafés ("I eat...", "I drink...", "I'll have...").
• Daily Diet & Food Habits: Describing personal daily menus and expressing food preferences.
• Getting Around: Asking for and giving directions, describing one's city or village.
• Talking About Activities: Describing activities and how often they occur (never, sometimes, always).

Review & Assessment

• Introductory review of material from the previous course (Units 1 & 2: Group 1 verbs, être, avoir, introductions).
• Comprehensive practice of grammar and vocabulary from Units 3 & 4.
• Final credit test (Week 13).

The course places a strong emphasis on speaking, pair work, and group work. Lessons include games, listening activities, songs, and videos.

Grammar

• Tenses: Near future (futur proche), recent past (passé récent), and compound past (passé composé) for narrating past events.
• Verbs & Conjugation: Modal verbs (vouloir, pouvoir, devoir, savoir), reflexive verbs in the present tense, the irregular verb vendre, and verbs like partir.
• Pronouns & Rules: Direct object pronouns (COD), forming prohibitions and commands.

Vocabulary & Topics

• Fashion & Objects: Clothing, accessories, everyday technology, and describing physical properties of objects.
• Housing & Home: Apartments, houses, furniture, household items, building rules, and the "dream house" concept.
• Daily Routine: Daily activities, telling time, and daily schedules.
• Personal Life: Myself and my life, family, and school.

Communication Skills

• Past Narration: Coherently describing past events and personal experiences (passé composé and passé récent).
• Planning & Expressing Intentions/Possibilities: Expressing upcoming plans (futur proche), wishes, obligations, capabilities, and permissions (modal verbs).
• Describing Environment & Routine: Giving detailed descriptions of one's home, furniture, and daily schedule.
• Shopping & Instructions: Navigating shopping situations (clothing, tech), issuing commands, giving instructions, and setting rules.

Review & Assessment

• Introductory review of core topics (introductions, family, school).
• Comprehensive review blocks for Units 5, 6, and 7.
• Revision through interactive games and quizzes, followed by the final credit test (Week 13).

The course places a strong emphasis on speaking and conversation. Students frequently work in pairs or small groups. The material is taught in an engaging and playful manner, incorporating videos, listening exercises, songs, games, and quizzes.

Grammar

• Tenses: Near future (futur proche), recent past (passé récent), and compound past (passé composé) for narrating past events.
• Verbs & Conjugation: Modal verbs (vouloir, pouvoir, devoir, savoir), reflexive verbs in the present tense, the irregular verb vendre, and verbs like partir.
• Pronouns & Rules: Direct object pronouns (COD), forming prohibitions and commands.

Vocabulary & Topics

• Fashion & Objects: Clothing, accessories, everyday technology, and describing physical properties of objects.
• Housing & Home: Apartments, houses, furniture, household items, building rules, and the "dream house" concept.
• Daily Routine: Daily activities, telling time, and daily schedules.
• Personal Life: Myself and my life, family, and school.

Communication Skills

• Past Narration: Coherently describing past events and personal experiences (passé composé and passé récent).
• Planning & Expressing Intentions/Possibilities: Expressing upcoming plans (futur proche), wishes, obligations, capabilities, and permissions (modal verbs).
• Describing Environment & Routine: Giving detailed descriptions of one's home, furniture, and daily schedule.
• Shopping & Instructions: Navigating shopping situations (clothing, tech), issuing commands, giving instructions, and setting rules.

Review & Assessment

• Introductory review of core topics (introductions, family, school).
• Comprehensive review blocks for Units 5, 6, and 7.
• Revision through interactive games and quizzes, followed by the final credit test (Week 13).

The course places a strong emphasis on speaking and conversation. Students frequently work in pairs or small groups. The material is taught in an engaging and playful manner, incorporating videos, listening exercises, songs, games, and quizzes.

Grammar

• Past tenses: distinction between and combination of passé composé (completed action) and imparfait (description, ongoing action)

• Future tenses: expressing the future using futur proche and futur simple

• Pronouns: direct and indirect personal pronouns (COD, COI), pronouns y and en

• Conditional mood: basics of conditionnel présent for expressing wishes, suggestions, and polite requests

• Relative pronouns: connecting clauses with qui, que, où

• Comparison: degrees of comparison for adjectives and adverbs

Vocabulary and Topics

• Travel and transport: booking accommodation, purchasing tickets, navigating the city, resolving travel issues

• Everyday life and work: daily routine, describing jobs, studies, and leisure activities

• Health and body: describing health issues, visiting a doctor and pharmacy; staying in shape

• Gastronomy and shopping: ordering at a restaurant, shopping for groceries and clothes

• Personality and relationships: describing appearance, character, feelings, and interpersonal relationships

• Weather and environment: weather forecast, nature, and holiday plans

Communication Skills

• Narrating past events and personal experiences fluently

• Formulating plans, ambitions, and future predictions

• Expressing personal opinions, agreement, disagreement, and argumentation

• Giving advice, recommendations, and prohibitions

• Understanding short authentic texts (emails, advertisements, simple messages)

Culture and Realia

• Lifestyle and customs in France and the Francophone world

• Holidays, traditions, festive gastronomy, and family customs

Grammar

• Past tenses: distinction between and combination of passé composé (completed action) and imparfait (description, ongoing action)

• Future tenses: expressing the future using futur proche and futur simple

• Pronouns: direct and indirect personal pronouns (COD, COI), pronouns y and en

• Conditional mood: basics of conditionnel présent for expressing wishes, suggestions, and polite requests

• Relative pronouns: connecting clauses with qui, que, où

• Comparison: degrees of comparison for adjectives and adverbs

Vocabulary and Topics

• Travel and transport: booking accommodation, purchasing tickets, navigating the city, resolving travel issues

• Everyday life and work: daily routine, describing jobs, studies, and leisure activities

• Health and body: describing health issues, visiting a doctor and pharmacy; staying in shape

• Gastronomy and shopping: ordering at a restaurant, shopping for groceries and clothes

• Personality and relationships: describing appearance, character, feelings, and interpersonal relationships

• Weather and environment: weather forecast, nature, and holiday plans

Communication Skills

• Narrating past events and personal experiences fluently

• Formulating plans, ambitions, and future predictions

• Expressing personal opinions, agreement, disagreement, and argumentation

• Giving advice, recommendations, and prohibitions

• Understanding short authentic texts (emails, advertisements, simple messages)

Culture and Realia

• Lifestyle and customs in France and the Francophone world

• Holidays, traditions, festive gastronomy, and family customs

Grammar

• Pronunciation & Alphabet: Basic rules of Italian pronunciation and the alphabet.
• Verbs & Conjugation: Irregular verbs essere and avere (including idiomatic expressions with avere), the verb fare and its uses. Regular Group 1 (parlare), Group 2 (prendere), and Group 3 (dormire, finire) verbs.
• Articles & Plural Forms: Definite and indefinite articles in singular and plural. Plural formation of nouns and adjectives (including spelling rules for words ending in -co and -ca).
• Expressing Preferences: The constructions mi piace (with singular nouns/infinitives) and mi piacciono (with plural nouns).

Vocabulary & Topics

• Numbers & Basic Terms: Numbers 0–20, everyday Italian words (Unit 0).
• Bar & Gastronomy: Food, drinks, beverages, and café/bar items.
• Geography & Personal Details: Countries, nationalities, professions, and occupations.
• Family & Describing People: Family members, physical appearance, and character traits.
• Leisure & Weather: Hobbies, interests, and weather descriptions.

Communication Skills

• Introductions & Basic Contact: Initiating contact, introducing oneself ("My name is..."), and stating origin and nationality.
• Ordering & Service: Ordering food and drinks in a bar or café ("What will you have?", "I'll have...").
• Talking About Family: Describing family members, occupations, and characterizing specific people.
• Preferences & Activities: Discussing hobbies, expressing likes/dislikes (mi piace / mi piacciono), and describing current weather conditions.

Review & Assessment

• Activation of prior Italian knowledge (Unit 0).
• Interactive review of Units 0, 1, and 2 through educational games.
• Final synthesis of acquired knowledge and credit test (Week 13).

The course focuses on speaking and reacting in natural, everyday situations. Work is done primarily in pairs and small groups. Lessons include listening activities, songs, videos, and games.

Grammar

• Pronunciation & Alphabet: Basic rules of Italian pronunciation and the alphabet.
• Verbs & Conjugation: Irregular verbs essere and avere (including idiomatic expressions with avere), the verb fare and its uses. Regular Group 1 (parlare), Group 2 (prendere), and Group 3 (dormire, finire) verbs.
• Articles & Plural Forms: Definite and indefinite articles in singular and plural. Plural formation of nouns and adjectives (including spelling rules for words ending in -co and -ca).
• Expressing Preferences: The constructions mi piace (with singular nouns/infinitives) and mi piacciono (with plural nouns).

Vocabulary & Topics

• Numbers & Basic Terms: Numbers 0–20, everyday Italian words (Unit 0).
• Bar & Gastronomy: Food, drinks, beverages, and café/bar items.
• Geography & Personal Details: Countries, nationalities, professions, and occupations.
• Family & Describing People: Family members, physical appearance, and character traits.
• Leisure & Weather: Hobbies, interests, and weather descriptions.

Communication Skills

• Introductions & Basic Contact: Initiating contact, introducing oneself ("My name is..."), and stating origin and nationality.
• Ordering & Service: Ordering food and drinks in a bar or café ("What will you have?", "I'll have...").
• Talking About Family: Describing family members, occupations, and characterizing specific people.
• Preferences & Activities: Discussing hobbies, expressing likes/dislikes (mi piace / mi piacciono), and describing current weather conditions.

Review & Assessment

• Activation of prior Italian knowledge (Unit 0).
• Interactive review of Units 0, 1, and 2 through educational games.
• Final synthesis of acquired knowledge and credit test (Week 13).

The course focuses on speaking and reacting in natural, everyday situations. Work is done primarily in pairs and small groups. Lessons include listening activities, songs, videos, and games.

Grammar

• Modal Verbs: Conjugation and usage of potere (can/may), volere (to want), dovere (must/have to), and sapere (to know/be able to).
• Prepositions & Articulated Prepositions: Basic prepositions (in, a, per), prepositions of place, and combining prepositions with definite articles.
• Pronouns & Adverbs: Direct object pronouns (lo, la, li, le), distinction between bene vs. buono.
• Verb Phrases: Usage of venire da and review of irregular verbs.

Vocabulary & Topics

• City & Transport: Urban environment, places in town, spatial orientation, and public transit.
• Time & Schedule: Days of the week, telling time, and time expressions (at what time).
• Gastronomy & Dining: Food, beverages, types of dishes, restaurant service, and designing a menu.

Communication Skills

• Getting Around & Travel: Asking for and giving directions, using public transport, shopping, and asking for prices.
• Dining Out: Ordering food and drinks in a restaurant, expressing food tastes/preferences, and describing daily meals.
• Scheduling: Telling exact time, scheduling appointments, and discussing days of the week.
• Group Interaction: Practical practice of everyday dialogues.

Review & Assessment

• Introductory review (Units 1 & 2: introductions, irregular verbs).
• Comprehensive review of material from Units 3 & 4 combined with small-group conversation practice.
• Final content review and credit test (Week 13).

The course emphasizes speaking, pair work, and group work. Lessons include videos, listening activities, songs, and games.

Grammar

• Reflexive Verbs: Conjugation of reflexive verbs in the present tense and forming their past tense.
• Possessive Pronouns: Usage and forms of possessive pronouns (including rules with family terms).
• Compound Past Tense (passato prossimo): Past tense formation using auxiliary verbs essere and avere, regular and irregular past participles (participio passato).

Vocabulary & Topics

• Housing & Home: Types of accommodation, house vs. apartment, and renting a flat.
• Family & Daily Life: Family relations, personal life, and daily routines.
• Holidays & Vacation: Leisure activities, travel, and vacation planning.
• Time & Seasons: Seasons of the year and seasonal activities.

Communication Skills

• Housing & Routine: Describing living situations, managing flat rentals, and talking about daily routines in detail.
• Past Narration: Coherently describing past events (e.g., "what you did yesterday"), recounting past vacations, and sharing past experiences.
• Planning & Coordination: Planning  holidays or trip with friends.
• Seasonal Activities: Describing favorite hobbies and activities tailored to specific seasons.

Review & Assessment

• Introductory review of Units 3 & 4 alongside icebreaking activities.
• Thematic review of Units 5 & 6, including past tense practice through interactive games and quizzes.
• Final content summary and credit test (Week 13).

The course emphasizes speaking, pair work, and group work. Lessons include videos, listening activities, songs, and games.

Grammar

• Reflexive Verbs: Conjugation of reflexive verbs in the present tense and forming their past tense.
• Possessive Pronouns: Usage and forms of possessive pronouns (including rules with family terms).
• Compound Past Tense (passato prossimo): Past tense formation using auxiliary verbs essere and avere, regular and irregular past participles (participio passato).

Vocabulary & Topics

• Housing & Home: Types of accommodation, house vs. apartment, and renting a flat.
• Family & Daily Life: Family relations, personal life, and daily routines.
• Holidays & Vacation: Leisure activities, travel, and vacation planning.
• Time & Seasons: Seasons of the year and seasonal activities.

Communication Skills

• Housing & Routine: Describing living situations, managing flat rentals, and talking about daily routines in detail.
• Past Narration: Coherently describing past events (e.g., "what you did yesterday"), recounting past vacations, and sharing past experiences.
• Planning & Coordination: Planning holidays or trip with friends.
• Seasonal Activities: Describing favorite hobbies and activities tailored to specific seasons.

Review & Assessment

• Introductory review of Units 3 & 4 alongside icebreaking activities.
• Thematic review of Units 5 & 6, including past tense practice through interactive games and quizzes.
• Final content summary and credit test (Week 13).

The course emphasizes speaking, pair work, and group work. Lessons include videos, listening activities, songs, and games.

This pre-intermediate Italian course focuses on expanding past tenses, developing practical communication skills, and handling everyday travel situations.
Grammar

• Past tenses: passato prossimo of reflexive verbs, introduction to imperfetto (formation, habits, descriptions), and distinguishing between and combining them in storytelling
• Pronouns: indirect object pronouns and the pronoun NE
• Verb structures and constructions: the verbs STARE and DARE, expressing ongoing actions (stare + gerund)
• Other structures: ordinal numbers, expressing frequency, prepositions of place

Vocabulary and Topics

• Personal profile and appearance: detailed self-introduction, describing physical appearance
• Travel and services: booking a hotel room, navigating and handling situations at the train station
• Shopping and fashion: clothing, colors, gift ideas
• Leisure and culture: reading, books, hobbies, and expressing the frequency of activities
• Weather: describing weather and climate conditions

Communication Skills

• Fluently narrating past events and personal experiences
• Handling common tourist and practical situations (hotel, transportation)
• Formulating, accepting, and declining proposals or invitations
• Describing ongoing actions and activities

This pre-intermediate Italian course focuses on expanding past tenses, developing practical communication skills, and handling everyday travel situations.
Grammar

• Past tenses: passato prossimo of reflexive verbs, introduction to imperfetto (formation, habits, descriptions), and distinguishing between and combining them in storytelling
• Pronouns: indirect object pronouns and the pronoun NE
• Verb structures and constructions: the verbs STARE and DARE, expressing ongoing actions (stare + gerund)
• Other structures: ordinal numbers, expressing frequency, prepositions of place

Vocabulary and Topics

• Personal profile and appearance: detailed self-introduction, describing physical appearance
• Travel and services: booking a hotel room, navigating and handling situations at the train station
• Shopping and fashion: clothing, colors, gift ideas
• Leisure and culture: reading, books, hobbies, and expressing the frequency of activities
• Weather: describing weather and climate conditions

Communication Skills

• Fluently narrating past events and personal experiences
• Handling common tourist and practical situations (hotel, transportation)
• Formulating, accepting, and declining proposals or invitations
• Describing ongoing actions and activities

The course is intended for complete beginners and thus, no previous knowledge of German is required.

Grammar: German pronunciation, conjugations of the verbs "sein", "haben", "kommen", "sprechen" and other basic verbs, personal and possessive pronouns, word order in a sentence, negative forms, definite and indefinite article, plural forms, numbers, "wie gefällt dir..."

Vocabulary: introducing yourself, countries and languages, family, alphabet, food and drinks, my flat and furniture

The course is intended for complete beginners and thus, no previous knowledge of German is required.

Grammar: German pronunciation, conjugations of the verbs "sein", "haben", "kommen", "sprechen" and other basic verbs, personal and possessive pronouns, word order in a sentence, negative forms, definite and indefinite article, plural forms, numbers, "wie gefällt dir..."

Vocabulary: introducing yourself, countries and languages, family, alphabet, food and drinks, my flat and furniture

The course is intended for beginners and aims to review and develop students´ language skills (listening, reading, writing and speaking) at the elementary level of general German (A1 higher according to the CEFR).

Grammar: present tense, verbs with separable prefixes, word order, prepositions of time, accusative, positive and negative questions and ja/nein/doch, modal verbs, past tense (Perfekt)

Vocabulary: my day, telling the time, times of the day, arranging a date, the weather, free time and hobbies, skills and abilities, past time expressions

The course is intended for pre-intermediate students and aims to review and develop students´ language skills (listening, reading, writing and speaking) at the pre-intermediate level of general German (A2 lower according to the CEFR).

Grammar: past tense (Perfekt), vebs haben and sein in Präteritum, prepositions of time and place, modal verbs, word order, pronoun man, imperative, possessive pronouns

Vocabulary: work and jobs, travelling, staying at a hotel, rules and advice, health and sickness, body parts, arranging an appointment

The course is intended for pre-intermediate students and aims to review and develop students´ language skills (listening, reading, writing and speaking) at the pre-intermediate level of general German (A2 lower according to the CEFR).

Grammar: past tense (Perfekt), vebs haben and sein in Präteritum, prepositions of time and place, modal verbs, word order, pronoun man, imperative, possessive pronouns

Vocabulary: work and jobs, travelling, staying at a hotel, rules and advice, health and sickness, body parts, arranging an appointment

The course is intended for pre-intermediate students and aims to review and develop students´ language skills (listening, reading, writing and speaking) at the pre-intermediate level of general German (A2 higher according to the CEFR).

Grammar: prepositions of place and time, prepositions with dative, konjunktiv II, word order, verbs with separable prefixes, demonstrative pronouns, comparative and superlative of adjectives, modal verbs, future forms, conjunctions, dative and accusative forms of personal pronouns

Vocabulary: means of transport, giving directions, phone calls, daily routine, shopping for clothes, months and dates, feasts and festivals, hopes and wishes

The course is intended for pre-intermediate students and aims to review and develop students´ language skills (listening, reading, writing and speaking) at the pre-intermediate level of general German (A2 higher according to the CEFR).

Grammar: prepositions of place and time, prepositions with dative, konjunktiv II, word order, verbs with separable prefixes, demonstrative pronouns, comparative and superlative of adjectives, modal verbs, future forms, conjunctions, dative and accusative forms of personal pronouns

Vocabulary: means of transport, giving directions, phone calls, daily routine, shopping for clothes, months and dates, feasts and festivals, hopes and wishes

The subject is designed to help students to deal with professional German texts at the B1 – B2 level according to the the Common European Framework of Reference. Students should master the key phrases of academic German as well as elementary professional terminology so that they are able to effectively find out information in professional resources. Emphasis will also be put on the development of listening and active communication skills (obligatory PowerPoint presentations on the given technical topic.)

The exam is based on the internationally recognized exam Goethe-Zertifikat Deutsch at the A2 level (pre-intermediate).

Students should be able to understand the most important information from everyday conversations; furthermore, they should be able to get the gist of simple texts, fill in simple forms and write a short text. Moreover, they should be able to introduce themselves and manage to follow and participate in conversations on common topics.

For this exam, the optional subjects VYN001, VYN002, VYN003 and VYN004 are offered. The exam is based on the contents of the textbooks Schritte International NEU Band 1-4. The exam tests students' reading, listening, speaking and writing skills as well as their command of grammar and vocabulary at the pre-intermediate level.

The exam is based on the internationally recognized exam Goethe-Zertifikat Deutsch at the A2 level (pre-intermediate). 

Students should be able to understand the most important information from everyday conversations; furthermore, they should be able to  get the gist of simple texts, fill in simple forms and write a short text. Moreover, they should be able to introduce themselves and manage to follow and participate in conversations on common topics.  

For this exam, the optional subjects VYN001, VYN002, VYN003 and VYN004 are offered. The exam is based on the contents of the textbooks Schritte International NEU Band 1-4. The exam tests students' reading, listening, speaking and writing skills as well as their command of grammar and vocabulary at the pre-intermediate level.

The exam is based on the internationally recognized exam Goethe-Zertifikat Deutsch at the B1 level (intermediate).

Students should be able to generally understand information about familiar topics and situations (at work, at school, in their free time, when travelling etc.), providing it is expressed in a clear and straightforward manner. Furthermore, they should be able to create a simple coherent text.

Moreover, they should be able to use German to communicate effectively; they should be able to describe experiences, events, ambitions, hopes and plans, and to briefly explain or justify their ideas and statements. 

Lastly, they should be familiar with grammar at the intermediate level.

For this exam, the optional subjects VYN005 are VYN006 are offered. The exam is based on the contents of the textbooks Schritte International NEU Band 5-6. The exam tests students' reading, listening, speaking and writing skills as well as their command of grammar and vocabulary at the intermediate level.

The exam is based on the internationally recognized exam Goethe-Zertifikat Deutsch at the B1 level (intermediate).

Students should be able to generally understand information about familiar topics and situations (at work, at school, in their free time, when travelling etc.), providing it is expressed in a clear and straightforward manner. Furthermore, they should be able to create a simple coherent text.

Moreover, they should be able to use German to communicate effectively; they should be able to describe experiences, events, ambitions, hopes and plans, and to briefly explain or justify their ideas and statements.

Lastly, they should be familiar with grammar at the intermediate level.

For this exam, the optional subjects VYN005 are VYN006 are offered. The exam is based on the contents of the textbooks Schritte International NEU Band 5-6. The exam tests students' reading, listening, speaking and writing skills as well as their command of grammar and vocabulary at the intermediate level.

Topics: introducing yourself; meeting people; greetings; forms of address; countries, nationalities, and languages; birthdays; family.

The sound and writing system of Russian: the Cyrillic alphabet; stress; intonation; pronunciation; spelling.

Grammar: numbers; conjugation of basic verbs; personal and possessive pronouns; the construction у меня есть; nouns after the numbers 2, 3, and 4.

Topics: introducing yourself; meeting people; greetings; forms of address; countries, nationalities, and languages; birthdays; family.

The sound and writing system of Russian: the Cyrillic alphabet; stress; intonation; pronunciation; spelling.

Grammar: numbers; conjugation of basic verbs; personal and possessive pronouns; the construction у меня есть; nouns after the numbers 2, 3, and 4.

Topics: leisure time and hobbies; daily routine and time; occupations; education; holidays and vacations.

Grammar: verb conjugation; verb forms; reflexive verbs; declension of singular nouns; dates; the past tense; conditional sentences.

Topics: leisure time and hobbies; daily routine and time; occupations; education; holidays and vacations.

Grammar: verb conjugation; verb forms; reflexive verbs; declension of singular nouns; dates; the past tense; conditional sentences.

Grammar – prepositional phrases, declension of nouns and pronouns, verb conjugation, infinitive, animate and inanimate nouns, indeclinable nouns

The aim of the course is to develop students' Russian vocabulary and grammar to the A2 level of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR).

Topics: education; getting around the city; means of transport; shopping.

Grammar: prepositional constructions; declension of nouns and pronouns; verb conjugation; the infinitive; animate and inanimate nouns; indeclinable nouns.

The aim of the course is to develop students' Russian vocabulary and grammar at the A2 level of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). The course also develops the skills required to read, translate, and produce moderately complex texts in Russian.

Topics: meeting friends; physical appearance; the human body; clothes; letter writing; personality; seasons; weather; time; dates.

Grammar: constructions different from Czech; verb conjugation; declension of adjectives; dates; substantivised adjectives; pronouns; expressions meaning "it is necessary" and "one must"; years; telling the time; expressions of approximation.

The aim of the course is to develop students' Russian vocabulary and grammar at the A2 level of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). The course also develops the skills required to read, translate, and produce moderately complex texts in Russian.

Topics: meeting friends; physical appearance; the human body; clothes; letter writing; personality; seasons; weather; time; dates.

Grammar: constructions different from Czech; verb conjugation; declension of adjectives; dates; substantivised adjectives; pronouns; expressions meaning "it is necessary" and "one must"; years; telling the time; expressions of approximation.

The aim of the course is to enable students to work confidently with specialist Russian texts at the B1–B2 level of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). Students will acquire key phrases used in academic Russian as well as essential specialist terminology, enabling them to search for and retrieve information effectively from academic and professional sources. The course also places emphasis on developing listening comprehension and active communication skills.

Four elective courses - VYR001, VYR002, VYR003, and VYR004 - are offered in connection with this subject, in which students acquire the required knowledge and skills. The content of the exam is based on the textbooks Raduga po novomu 1–3. The exam consists of a written test that assesses knowledge of grammar and vocabulary, reading comprehension, and the ability to write a short text in Russian. The time allotted for the exam is 2 hours.

Four elective courses - VYR001, VYR002, VYR003, and VYR004 - are offered in connection with this subject, in which students acquire the required knowledge and skills. The content of the exam is based on the textbooks Raduga po novomu 1–3. The exam consists of a written test that assesses knowledge of grammar and vocabulary, reading comprehension, and the ability to write a short text in Russian. The time allotted for the exam is 2 hours.

The content of the exam is based on the textbooks Raduga po novomu 4–5 and tests general Russian language skills at an intermediate level. The exam consists of a written test that assesses grammar and vocabulary knowledge, reading comprehension, and the ability to write a short text in Russian. The time allotted for the exam is 2 hours. 

The content of the exam is based on the textbooks Raduga po novomu 4–5 and tests general Russian language skills at an intermediate level. The exam consists of a written test that assesses grammar and vocabulary knowledge, reading comprehension, and the ability to write a short text in Russian. The time allotted for the exam is 2 hours.

The course is for real beginners, and is based on units 1 - 4 of the text book Nuevo Espaňol en marcha - Nivel básico.
The students will learn the basics of communication in these situations: greetings, introductions, ask about profession, address, telephone number, nationality, time, ask and tell directions, describe their home, ask about the position of objects in a house, how much the rent is, to order a drink in a bar or a meal in a restaurant.

Credits will be given at the end of the semestr. The requirements to earn the credits are attendance and active participation during classes.

The course is for real beginners, and is based on units 1 - 4 of the text book Nuevo Espaňol en marcha - Nivel básico.
The students will learn the basics of communication in these situations: greetings, introductions, ask about profession, address, telephone number, nationality, time, ask and tell directions, describe their home, ask about the position of objects in a house, how much the rent is, to order a drink in a bar or a meal in a restaurant.

Credits will be given at the end of the semestr. The requirements to earn the credits are attendance and active participation during classes.

This course is for students with elementary knowledge of Spanish at A1- of CEFR, and it is focused on the following topics - eating out, using public transport, culture, travelling, appearance and character, names of months and seasons. The grammar will cover these areas - conjugation of the verb gustar, positive form of the imperative, the verb estar+ gerund, reflexive pronouns and past simple of regular and irregular verbs.

Credits will be given at the end of the semestr. The requirements to earn the credits are attendance and active participation during classes.

This course is for students with elementary knowledge of Spanish at A1- of CEFR, and it is focused on the following topics - eating out, using public transport, culture, travelling, appearance and character, names of months and seasons. The grammar will cover these areas - conjugation of the verb gustar, positive form of the imperative, the verb estar+ gerund, reflexive pronouns and past simple of regular and irregular verbs.
Credits will be given at the end of the semestr. The requirements to earn the credits are attendance and active participation during classes.

The content of this course is the use of Spanish past tenses, mainly during the description of past events. The use of impersonal verbs and verb phrases to express obligation. The use of adjectives that describe moods. Related to people the description of physical aspect and parts of the human body is learnt. Basic vocabulary related to weather and forecast. Adjectives and vocabulary related to sports. The course focuses fairly in the use of past tenses to describe events of Spanish speaking countries.

Credits will be given at the end of the semestr. The requirements to earn the credits are attendance and active participation during classes.

The content of this course is the use of Spanish past tenses, mainly during the description of past events. The use of impersonal verbs and verb phrases to express obligation. The use of adjectives that describe moods. Related to people the description of physical aspect and parts of the human body is learnt. Basic vocabulary related to weather and forecast. Adjectives and vocabulary related to sports. The course focuses fairly in the use of past tenses to describe events of Spanish speaking countries.
Credits will be given at the end of the semestr. The requirements to earn the credits are attendance and active participation during classes.

Content of the course
Grammar deals with these areas: Direct and indirect object pronouns, past tenses, comparisons, indefinite quantifiers, impersonal imperatives, and subjunctive in the present tense. Vocabulary is focused on learning to talk about ways of expressing wishes, cinematography, city, buildings and shops, fruit and vegetables, cooking, holidays, feelings, and mood.

Credits will be given at the end of the semestr. The requirements to earn the credits are attendance and active participation during classes.

Content of the course
Grammar deals with these areas: Direct and indirect object pronouns, past tenses, comparisons, indefinite quantifiers, impersonal imperatives, and subjunctive in the present tense. Vocabulary is focused on learning to talk about ways of expressing wishes, cinematography, city, buildings and shops, fruit and vegetables, cooking, holidays, feelings, and mood.

Credits will be given at the end of the semestr. The requirements to earn the credits are attendance and active participation during classes.